∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
6. Late Poems, (1849-1852).
After the publication of his last volume and before insanity completely overtook him, Hirst wrote and published a number of poems which deserve at least slight notice here.
The first of these is “The Death of the Year”, in Graham's for December, 1849. It is short, and has no originality or worth.
In the first six months of 1850 there were six poems by him published in the same magazine, Graham's, almost all of which are unnecessarily long. The first of these, “Ariadne”, contains no less than sixty-three stanzas of three lines each, telling the story of Ariadne and Theseus. Many of its lines remind one instantly of his “Endymion”, while others unmistakably derive from Poe.
“The Valley of Shadow”, except for the first two lines (which remind us a little of the opening of “Abou Ben Adhem”), is so obviously from Poe that we know Hirst would hardly have printed, it during Poe's lifetime. The first fourteen lines follow:
“Where daylight ends, where night begins
(May Jesus save us from our sins)
There lies a narrow, shadowy vale —
(Mark me, I but repeat a tale
Which once, I know not how, or when
Came mystically within my ken:)
A dark, sepulchral silent vale,
Lying beyond the ultimate pale
Of distant Time — beyond the din
Of human tongues — by which the Djinn
And Ghoul, and Afreet, hating light,
Come in the noiselessness of night
To chant unearthly notes and bars
To the unquiet, pensive stars
There are later lines in the poem which evidently come from Keats, Shakespeare, Milton, and Coleridge, but it is useless [page 135:] to quote more.
“Uriel”, “The Pirare”, and “Two Worlds” are of no greater value, nor “Narcissos”, another telling of a classic myth, which has many awkward lines.
In July, 1850, “The Fall of the Fairies” appeared in Graham's, and was his last contribution to that magazine.(42) Hirst may have published some poems in 1851, but we have not found them.
In 1852 Hirst made a number of contributions to Sartain's Union Magazine, some of which are not without merit. “Launcelot of the Lake” is a long narrative with no great value. “Death in Fever” is a poem or thirteen stanzas which comes from Poe's “To F — ” and the second stanza of Poe's “To One in Paradise”, and others of Poe's poems. One wonders why any editor accepted it. The two-poems called “Rhein Wein, Flagon First”, and “Rhein Wein, Flagon Second”, are interesting cniefly because they are Hirst's only attempts to tell Germanic legends. The first is called “The Pilgrim of Love”, and is a narration in one hundred and nine stanzas (of three lines each) of the story of Brunhilde. Some stanzas are good, and it has quite an effective closing in its last stanzas, giving the peasant's idea of the story. Of course there are many imitations, as in the following two lines from one stanza:
“Deep in the dark recesses of its hills
A ruined abbey lifts its holy head”,
which evidently come from Keats and Poe respectively, as [page 136:] follows:
“Deep in the shady sadness of a vale”
(“Hyperion”, 1,1)
and
“Radiant palace — reared its head”
(“The Haunted Palace”, 4)
“Flagon Second” tells the Lorelei story (Hirst calls her “Lurlei”, though), and the central stanzas come from Heine's familiar German poem on that legend. Hirst has, however, woven around the story an account of a Sir Rudolph in a castle on the Rhine, who casts himself into the river to Join the “Lurlei”. He and the siren disappear forever, Hirst says, —
“Perhaps to an elfin palace,
Far underneath the Rhine,
Where they live in endless pleasure,
And quaff immortal wine.”
This poem has less of flowery effusiveness than most of his verse.
“The Ballad of Ruth”, twenty-six stanzas long, occupies its first two quatrains with a pitiable diffusion of Keats's immortal lines about Ruth,
“when, sick for home,
She stood in tears amid the alien corn”.
Hirst tells the story of Ruth and Boaz, following the Biblical account rather closely.
Strangely enough, “The Valley of Repose”, the last of his published works which we have found, is one of his best poems. It has an unusual and graceful stanzaic form, and its closing stanzas are remarkably musical. In spite of its unpardonable error in grammar in the next to the last stanza, v/e quote the entire poem here in concluding this section, of the criticism: [page 137:]
The Valley of Repose
There is a doll
Where one in love with life might dwell
All day, and all night Tong,
The slave of opiate sweets and soothing song
Lolling in peace where never yet was heard the step of wrong.
Where, breathing balm,
Beneath the fringes of the feathered palm,
While many murmuring streams,
Drowsy with summer's oriental gleams,
Half breathe, half sing, a symphony to warm, poetic dreams,
He might repose,
From early dawn to shadowy even close;
From twilight's dewy flight,
Until young Eos makes the landscape light,
And deep again into the bosom of the brooding night.
Awake — asleep,
For sleep itself is never half so deep
As that refined repose
Which from excess of languid luxury flows,
Lulling each sense, while heart and cheek, still warmly beats or glows.
Close, by — a lake,
Whose mellow moon-like light shall charm, not break,
The shadows of those woods,
Whose crimson, green, and gold, for silver roods,
Mirrored revive again in softer life in its delicious floods.
There let me dwell,
But let sweet woman add her sacred spell,
To give the summer scene
A softer far than Paradisean mien,
Showering the roses of her smiles in contrast on the green.
Sweet lutes and flutes,
Divinest cates, and ripest, ruddiest fruits,
The richest, rarest flowers,
Shall sound, or lie, or bloom about her bowers
To make more bright and Iram-like the rapture of our hours.
With nightingales,
To drown with luscious song the drowsy vales,
While Birds of Paradise
Flit swallow-like between the earth and skies,
And pheasants, tame as household birds, feed always in our eyes.
The thrush and lark,
To carol ever in the grassy park,
Where dappled fawns and deer
Shall crop the tender herbs nor dream of fear,
Nor move aside, with lifted heads, whenever we come near. [page 138:]
Sometimes the lake,
Should see our gilded galley shake and break,
Like diamonds from her prow,
Or drops of pearl, more pure than snow,
Its limpid waves, while here and there, this way and that, we go.
Or on a knoll
Beside some oak's, or green acacia's, bole
With, floating overhead,
Our silken satin awning, broadly spread,
To shade us, while some poet's song is either sung or read.
Here, Father, give
Me Thy adoring, passionate son to live,
And every glowing day
My bride and me shall kneel and humbly pray
That Jove, the Thunderer, may live and rule and reign alway.
And unto Thee
Shall altars rise and temples builded be,
And fairest virgins bring
Sweet flowers and fruits, the while they kneel and sing
Devoutest choral canticles to Jove, their God and King.
[The following footnote appears at the bottom of page 135:]
42. The only copy of this volume of this magazine available, in the N.Y. Public Library, has been in the bindery for some time, so we nave been unable to copy this one poem.
[[For the convenience of the reader, the full text of this poem follows:
THE FALL OF THE FAIRIES.
The night was clear and cool and calm,
The evening wind, exhaling balm
From spicy Caribbean isles,
Perfumed the forest's deep defiles.
The mournful sister Pleiades
Arose from oriental seas;
Lyra no more, as once, in old,
Shook harmony from her harp of gold.
Silence, like God, was every where:
There was no sound in earth or air:
An omnipresent quietude
Reposed on field and flood and wood.
Serenely calm, the waning moon
Rose, dreaming of the nights of June,
And silently, from weeping eyes,
Shed tears of silver down the skies.
She seemed to walk her pilgrimage
Like one who, in the frosts of age,
Totters on toward the Holy Land,
Impelled by some pale phantom hand.
Wan August in extremis lay:
He knew that the approaching day
Consigned him to the solemn tomb
Which yawned upon him through the gloom.
The summer flowers were on their wane;
And silently, like one in pain,
Who hides his pangs from loving eyes,
The brooks looked calmly toward the skies.
A little circle in a wood —
The heart of the old solitude —
Lay wrapped in something more than sleep —
A boding silence, stern and deep.
Suddenly, from a distant bell,
Ten several sounds fell, like a knell,
And like a sigh (which was despair)
A shudder thrilled the tremulous air.
The leaves fell rustling from the trees,
The grasses shivered in the breeze,
As Saturn, with complacent eye,
Walked coldly up the central sky.
Slowly among the quivering limbs
Come hollow moons, like funeral hymns;
The trees, aroused from slumber, wail
Before the occidental gale.
The clouds, in horror, hurry by;
Unusual darkness drowns the sky;
The moon moves with suspended breath,
Like one who dreads the approach of death.
The stars expire, the moon grows dim,
The wind has ceased to be a hymn,
And through the arches of the wood
Roars, like a lion scenting blood.
Above the wind, whose surging sound
The brazen tumult almost drowned,
Pealing and ringing as it passed,
A clarion's clamor filled the blast.
Along the earth, among the elms
Who shook and clanged their hoary helms,
And waved their arms in wild despite,
Again that summons filled the night.
Up, piercing space, again it rung
Where fair-haired Lyra sat and sung
Like Sappho, in a passionate trance,
Stunning her with its dissonance.
The little vista of the wood
Suddenly in the darkness stood
Flushed with a wild, unusual light,
Which filled the filmy eyes of night.
From oak and elm, from beech and larch,
That crowned the vista, like an arch,
Between whose leaves, like frowning eyes,
Came glimpses of the gloomy skies;
From Asia's sultry hills and vales,
From far Topróbanè's dells and dales,
From Ganges’ source, from Niger's side,
And turbid Nile's eternal tide;
From England's fields, from Scotland's glens,
From Ireland's mosses, bogs and fens;
From sunny France, from swarthy Spain,
As if the skies shed golden rain,
Flashing, like streams of falling stars,
A myriad million minim Lars,
With terror painted on each face,
Stood, shuddering in that solemn place.
And from the farthest sphere of even,
From every sun (whose name is heaven,
And whose inhabitants are kings,)
Was heard the rushing of their wings.
Some stood attired in elfin steel,
With sword on hip, and spur at heel,
And crimson cheeks, and brows aflame;
Some in long, flowing garments came, —
Sages, whose sunken eyes had caught
From ceaseless study quenchless thought —
Maidens, with timid, trembling lips,
Their beauties purple with eclipse;
Mothers, within whose matron eyes
Dwelt all the depth of tropic skies,
Clasping their offspring, as the rose
Enfolds its heart at evening close.
Some stood alone, with drooping wings;
Some gathered here and there in rings,
But each one felt, though far apart,
The beating of his neighbor's heart.
And each one, with a sad surmise,
Gazed wistfully in his fellow's eyes,
And turned, and doubtfully bowed his head,
Despairing at the lore he read.
Each seemed to wonder why that hour
Beheld them in that ancient bower,
Where tree, and leaf, and grass, and stone,
Spoke audibly of ages gone.
Where shining, ghostly, through the trees,
Were idols, fern-clad to the knees,
And scattered round, in pale decay,
The ruins of old temples lay.
Altars of many a mythic age,
Forgotten even on history's page,
With sacrificial knife and brand,
Arose, like tombs, on either hand.
And each one seemed to ask, though not
A word disturbed that haunted spot,
For some one, who, with eye of lynx,
Would read this riddle of the Sphynx;
And with oracular voice and air
Declare why they were summoned there —
Why called from worlds that felt no flood
To tremble in that ancient wood —
That wood which from the birth of time
Had gone on growing, through the chime
Of falling spheres, — a Druid sage,
Unwearied with life's pilgrimage.
While standing thus in mute amaze,
Sadly, along the forest ways
Came slowly toward the appointed place
The Fathers of the Fairy Race.
And as, by sacred instinct urged,
From gloom to light their forms emerged,
It seemed as if unnumbered years
Of elfin lore had made them seers.
And each one seemed to walk the sod,
Clothed in his wisdom, like a god;
But in his step, and in his air,
Were mingled terror and despair.
Even as they came, the distant bell
Again proclaimed its solemn knell;
Eleven deep sounds, which, one by one,
Through every shuddering bosom run.
The night grew light, and on the skies
Each one in wonder fixed his eyes,
And saw, encircled with his rays,
Cold Saturn, like a comet, blaze.
Saturn, who on the zenith stood,
Freezing, it seemed, their very blood;
So cold, so thin it grew, they shook
As if by sudden palsy strook.
Each gazed in terror on the other;
Sister sought sister — brother brother —
But over all had come a strange,
Unprecedented — horrid change.
A moment did the work of years;
And gazing through their blinding tears,
They felt that centuries had passed
Since they saw one another last —
That what was youth was wrinkled age,
Sere, hoary, palsied, trembling age:
The very babe, so great the charm,
Grew gray upon its mother's arm.
Suddenly, on the gloom of night,
Leaving a trail of silvery light,
Six coursers, with disheveled hair,
Swept madly through the fields of air.
Their argent manes, in separate threads,
Streamed from their bony necks and heads;
The crooked lightnings of their eyes
Flashed fitfully athwart the skies;
Behind a sparkling chariot shone,
Burning with many a precious stone
And flaming on the eyes of all —
A planet trembling to its fall!
Erect, while sobbing, at his side
Reclined his once immortal bride,
Sat Oberon, with pallid brow,
And tresses white as winter's snow.
Pale Hecatè, peering from a cloud —
A maiden, lying in her shroud —
Less pale were than the Fairy Queen,
Less cold, less motionless of mien.
Heart-broken Titania, wan with age,
Leant feebly on her Indian page,
Looking as if all hope was gone; —
Than even Death himself more wan.
“Subjects,” said Oberon, “gentle friends,
This night our long dominion ends;
Stern Saturn, with his stony eyes,
Smiles grimly on his sacrifice.”
“Henceforth all poetry is dead!”
And as he spoke, above his head
In masses rolled the weltering clouds;
The stars still lay within their shrouds;
Save Saturn, whose untroubled light
Almost made daylight of the night.
With groans the myriad mourners said —
“Henceforth all poetry is dead!”
“The Ideal age, the lyric strain
Expire; with them the fairy reign;
The Real comes with iron tread: —
Henceforth all poetry is dead!”
So said the king, and as he spoke
Long, heavy, rolling thunders broke
Above them, rattling through the spheres,
Whose eyes were drowned with pitying tears.
The wind arose and struck the wood;
The rain descended in a flood;
Hither and thither rushed the leaves
Along the ruined temples’ eaves.
But Saturn shone as cold and stern
As death beside a funeral urn,
Looking as though his lustre said —
“Henceforth all poetry is dead!”
And now the storm was at its height;
The trees rolled to and fro in fright;
The lurid lightnings blazed and played
Demoniac through the eternal shade.
While far above the tempest's plash,
Above the thunder's deafening crash,
Twelve sounds fell, fainting, on the blast
Which rushed in eddying whirlwinds past.
Even as the last sound rent the air
A hopeless shriek of fierce despair
Shook earth and heaven! and all was calm —
Unutterably, coldly calm.
The stars came out; the moon once more
Shone bright as on its birth of yore;
Lyra alone looked down in pain:
Her golden chords were rent in twain.
But Saturn, smiling, seemed to say —
“The Ideal Age has passed away;
I have devoured my sons,” he said —
“Henceforth all poetry is dead!”
Graham's Magazine, July 1850, pp. 21-22]]
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
Notes:
None.
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
[S:0 - LWHBHP, 1925] - Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore - Bookshelf - The Life and Writings of Henry Beck Hirst of Philadelphia (Watts)